A NOVEL VALIDATED METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND ESTIMATION OF DIMETHYL FUMARATE FROM VARIOUS TEXTILE MATRICES ON GC/MS.

Authors

  • Uzman Khan Department of chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan, Author
  • Rashida Bashir Department of chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan, Author
  • Sabiha Naveed Department of chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan, Author
  • Abdul Shakoor Department of chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan, Author
  • Madiha Batool Department of chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan, Author
  • Syed Ahmad Raza Bokhari George Brown College, M5T239, Toronto, Canada Author

Keywords:

Dimethyl fumarate (DMFu), Solvent extraction, Textile and Leather samples, GC/MS Analysis.

Abstract

A novel and rapid analytical method was developed for the determination of extractable dimethyl fumarate (DMFu) in various materials, including leather, polyurethane (PU) leather, textiles, rubber, and silica gel pellets, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). DMFu was extracted using ethyl acetate and analyzed on a DB-624 capillary column with helium gas (99.9% purity) as the mobile phase. One target ion and two qualifier ions were selected for the identification and quantification of DMFu. Key pre-treatment parameters, such as extraction method, solvent, and time, were optimized to achieve optimal performance. Under the optimized conditions, the method demonstrated a recovery rate of 91% to 98% for the standard. The calibration curve exhibited excellent linearity with a regression value of 0.9995 and a working range of 0.01–0.50 mg L⁻¹. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was ≤10% for test specimens and ≤5% for the pure standard. The method's limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 5×10⁻⁴ mg L⁻¹ and 5×10⁻³ mg L⁻¹, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to real samples, revealing DMFu concentrations ranging from 1.34 mg L⁻¹ to

5.12 mg L⁻¹. This approach provides a reliable and efficient means for the accurate determination of DMFu in diverse materials.

 

References

Wannick, M., Assmann, J. C., Vielhauer, J. F., Offermanns, S., Zillikens, D., Sadik, C. D., & Schwaninger, M. (2018). Frontiers in Immunology, 9, 1890. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01890

Perini, P., Rinaldi, F., Puthenparampil, M., Marcon, M., Perini, F., & Gallo, P. (2018). Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 26,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.08.014

Andersen, J. L., Gesser, B., Funder, E. D., Nielsen, C. J. F., Gotfred-Rasmussen, H., Rasmussen, M. K., Toth, R., Gothelf, K. V., Arthur, J. S. C., Iversen, L., & Nissen, P. (2018). Nature Communications, 9, 4344. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06791-0

Ahmed, A. A., Ahmed, A. A. E., El Morsy, E. M., & Nofal, S. (2018). Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 70, 1521. https://doi.org/10.1111/jphp.12989

Ontaneda, D., Nicholas, J., Carraro, M., Zhou, J., Hou, Q., Babb, J., Riester, K., Mendoza, J. P., Livingston, T., & Jhaveri, M. (2018). Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 27,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.10.004

Liu, L., Vollmer, M. K., Ahmad, A. S., Fernandez, V. M., Kim, H., & Doré, S. (2019). Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 131,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.031

Stefanelli, P., Girolimetti, S., Santilio, A., & Dommarco, R. (2011). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 86, 428. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-011- 0223-1

Amico, E. D., Zanghì, A., Callari, G., Borriello, G., Gallo, A., Graziano, G., Valentino, P., Buccafusca, M., Cottone, S., Salemi, G., Ragonese, P., Bossio, R. B., Docimo, R., Grimaldi,

L. M. E., Pozzilli, C., Tedeschi, G., Zappia, M., & Patti, F. (2018). Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders, 11,

https://doi.org/10.1177/1756286418796404

Amico, E. D., Zanghì, A., Sciandra, M., Borriello, G., Callari, G., Gallo, A., Salemi, G., Cottone, S., Buccafusca, M., Valentino, P., Bossio, R. B., Grimaldi, L. M. E., Pozzilli, C., Tedeschi, G., Zappia, M., & Patti, F. (2018). Journal of Neurology, 266,

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-018-9155-6

Condé, S., Moisset, X., Pereira, B., Zuel, M., Colamarino, R., Maillet-Vioud, M., Lauxerois, M., Taithe, F., & Clavelou, P. (2018). European Journal of Neurology, 26,

https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.13844

Braune, S., Grimm, S., Van Hövell, P., Freudensprung, U., Pellegrini, F., Hyde, R., & Bergmann, A. (2018). Journal of Neurology, 265, 2980. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-018-

-9

Commission Regulation No. 412/2012. (2012). Official Journal of the European Union, 128, 1.

Abdelrahman, R. S., & Abdel-Rahman, N. (2019). Life Sciences, 217,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.019

Braley, T. J., Huber, A. K., Segal, B. M., Kaplish, N., Saban, R., Washnock-Schmid, J. M., & Chervin, R. D. (2018). Sleep, 41, 109. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsx154

Abd El-Fattah, A. A., Fahim, A. T., Sadik, N. A. H., & Ali, B. M. (2018). Brain Research, 1701, 227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2018.09.018

Singh, N., Saha, L., Kumari, P., Singh, J., Bhatia, A., Banerjee, D., & Chakrabarti, A. (2019). Brain Research Bulletin, 144,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.11.018

Høglund, R. A., Polak, J., Vartdal, F., Holmøy, T., & Lossius, A. (2018). Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 26, 90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.09.012

Nachliely, M., Trachtenberg, A., Khalfin, B., Nalbandyan, K., Cohen-Lahav, M., Yasuda, K., Sakaki, T., Kutner, A., & Danilenko, M. (2018). Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 188, 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.11.013

Motterlini, R., Nikam, A., Manin, S., Ollivier, A., Wilson, J. L., Djouadi, S., Muchova, L., Martens, T., Rivard, M., & Foresti, R. (2019). Redox Biology, 20,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2018.10.019

Lamas, J. P., Sanchez-Prado, L., Garcia-Jares, C., & Llompart, M. (2009). Journal of Chromatography A, 1216, 5755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.06.019

Lu, Y., & Zhu, Y. (2014). Talanta, 119, 430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2013.11.023

Narizzano, R., Risso, F., Venturelli, G., Devia, C., Carlini, E., & Maggiolo, S. (2009). Journal of Chromatography A, 1216,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.07.049

Stefanelli, P., Attard Barbini, D., Girolimetti, S., Santilio, A., & Dommarco, R. (2011). Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B, 46,

https://doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2011.559890

Downloads

Published

2025-08-02

How to Cite

A NOVEL VALIDATED METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND ESTIMATION OF DIMETHYL FUMARATE FROM VARIOUS TEXTILE MATRICES ON GC/MS. (2025). International Journal of NeuroOncology and Therapeutics, 1(1), 19-29. https://ijnot.com/index.php/ijnot/article/view/6

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2